All posts by Sumana Rao

Don't worry about the people in your past; There's a reason they didn't make it to your future.
Brushing and bathing why we need to

Why to brush teeth & take bath

Brushing teeth after getting up from bed: If you are one of those people, who would like to have breakfast on bed, then you must reconsider your habit. People may say it is personal preference, but it is a good practice to brush before breakfast.

We know breakfast is important meal of the day. This is the reason we should not skip breakfast. Likewise, we should not skip brushing teeth before breakfast. This helps to reset the mouth and gets it ready for the foods of the day by removing the bacteria that grows in the mouth overnight. During our night sleep, bacteria in the mouth multiplies causing bad breath by turning sugar into acid. This acidic environment is not good for our health. If we consume food without brushing teeth or cleaning mouth, can ruin our health and cause decay of teeth. To remove bacteria that is sitting on teeth, tongue and oral cavity it is a good practice to brush teeth and then have breakfast. If you feel the smell of toothpaste interfering in your breakfast, then have half a glass of warm water after brushing your teeth.

Oral hygiene is important for health because it is linked to our total health.

Why we should take bath daily? Bathing is essential for human body for many reasons. Regular bathing helps in cleansing of body and organs. According to literature “the toxic compounds that are sitting on our skin should be expelled regularly in order to prevent the disease”.

The toxic components referred here is for microbes, sweat and other foreign particles sitting on the body. Most people shower for other reasons too, like concern about body odor, it helps to wake up, bathing reduces body pain and it is relaxing. Whatever might be the reason, bathing using warm water with skin friendly soap, helps to get rid of microbes, dirt and dead skin. Bacteria can grow on body and feed on dead skin cells eventually causing rash, irritation, inflammation. Dermatatis neglecta is a condition that  results in thick brown plaque on skin leading to secondary infections. It prevents spreading of skin diseases and keeps skin moisturized.

You don’t need to take multiple showers every day, one shower per day is enough to keep your body clean and healthy.

Image credit : Photo by Andrea Piacquadio from Pexels
(Free for commercial use)

Main article: https://healthylife.werindia.com/your-road-to-healthy-life/proven-good-old-hygiene-practices

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: March 30, 2023
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Bath after hair cut & why we should trim nails

Shower after hair cut & why we need to trim nails

Mandatory to take shower after a hair cut :We often see people going out for haircut and then go for shopping or attend to other works. This is forbidden in many cultures especially in India.

Scientific explanation for this is- everyday there are many people visit barbers or hair salon for haircut, hair styling, hair coloring, shaving, for shampooing etc. There is a chance that someone might have severe dandruff or skin conditions that could be contagious. If proper precautions not taken and saloon person uses same tools (scissors, comb, brush etc) between his/her customers, it could result in transfer of germs. Contagious diseases can thus transfer from one person to another. This could also result in hair loss. After visiting a salon make sure to go back home put clothes for washing (as it might contain hair strands) and take a shower. Shampoo your hair and wash.

Cutting and cleaning fingernails and toenails: Often you may hear your mom saying cut your finger nails or toe nails. It is a good practice because of health reasons. Parents may insists to cut your nails morning after bath. Reason for this is, the nails get softer after bath and it is easy to trim soft nails. Not cutting nails is a sign of poor hygiene and it could results in:

  • Bacterial infection: When we don’t trim nails bacteria and other germs will start growing and cause infection in fingers and toes
  • Fungal infection: Like athlete’s foot happens because of hidden fungi in toenails. Accumulated dirt in nails is food for fungi and eventually they come out infect your skin
  • Injury to body: Keeping long nails is a risk not just for you, for others as well. It can cause serious injury or even may hurt the eye causing damage to eye and severe infection.
  • Results in inward growth of nail
  • Food poisoning: When we eat by hand with dirty nails, infectious microbes enter our stomach causing food poisoning. This is also one of the reasons we must wash our hands before consuming food

Image credit: Photo by Thgusstavo Santana from Pexels
(Free for commercial use)

Main article: https://healthylife.werindia.com/your-road-to-healthy-life/proven-good-old-hygiene-practices

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Mandatory isolation after delivery or death

Mandatory isolation- why

Mandatory 10-12 days isolation: We are worried about self-quarantine, isolation and social distancing and waiting for this period to end. Do you know generally the germs (microbes) infection, contagious and spread period is between 2-15 days? Some microbes take longer period up to 21 to 25 days! Our ancestors were aware of this science and designed certain rules to protect the weak ones. People often criticize this practice without knowing the science behind the practice. Traditionally it is known as “purification ritual”.  It is purification of body as well as mind.

Isolation after birth of baby: After birth of a baby, both mother and baby are isolated and treated in separate room where no other family members except the care takers enter. After delivery, mother’s body will be weak and her mental status will be fragile due to loss of blood and hormonal changes. New born baby’s immune system will be weak and tender body has to adjust to new world. If someone sick come in contact with mother and baby, it can cause health issues for both. To prevent such unhealthy environment in many cultures both family members and others are not allowed near the newborn and the mother for 10-12 days!.

Practice of burning the deceased and mandatory isolation of family: The science behind for this ritual is, when someone dies, it might not be due to old age, it could be due to illness. If the body is burnt, then the germs that are inhabiting in the body will die due to high temperature. This way the body will not spread the disease.

After someone’s death, the entire family will keep social distancing for 10 to 12 days. This is not just to perform rituals, also to make sure effect of (if any) germs that are transmitted from sick person to diminish and healthy environment in the house to be restored. This period of grieving also gives chance to family members to recover mentally and come out from the stress. We know stress in mind makes our immune system weak and people often fall sick.

Image credit: Image by Наркологическая Клиника from Pixabay  (Free for commercial use)

Main article: https://healthylife.werindia.com/your-road-to-healthy-life/proven-good-old-hygiene-practices

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Washing legs and hands

Why should we wash legs & hands

Washing hands and legs:Our elders insist us to wash hands and legs as soon as we enter home and before we eat and drink. We may get irritated. But this is good habit for the following reasons:

Studies conducted by time to time show us why it is critical to wash hands and legs after returning home. When we step out, we come in contact with several materials that is touched by others. Following are some of the high touch areas that have microbes.

Toilet seat and cover, toilet flush, door handles and doorknobs, light switches, sinks, faucets, hand towels, handbags, recycle bags, tote bags, car steering wheel, furniture, reusable bags, appliances – door handle, Shopping carts and baskets, phones, desks and keyboards, ATM machines.

After coming in contact with so many high microbial areas, we must wash hands. If not, we will spread the germs to families and friends who come in contact with us through the materials at home that we touch. Similarly washing feet is important because we would have encounter feces, spit, blood, mucous, pets littering, rotten materials etc. Even if we wore covered shoes with socks it is best for health to wash feet after returning home to avoid sickness.  

Image credit: https://www.needpix.com/photo/49012/washing-ritual-foot-care-washing-feet-islam-water-foot-fountain-faucet (Free for commercial use)

Main article: https://healthylife.werindia.com/your-road-to-healthy-life/proven-good-old-hygiene-practices  

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Leaving shoes outside

Why to leave shoes outside

Leaving shoes outside :Reasons to leave shoes outside the house or in designated place:

  • In houses with young infants and toddlers might pick up food from floor and end up sick. Children under age 2 are more vulnerable to microbes and germs that we carry inside the house. On an average 80 times an hour a child will put its hands in the mouth!
  • People who have weaker immune system might catch allergy easily
  • Microbes can transfer easily to food causing illness
  • Not everyone looks at the bottom of shoe or wipe it before entering the house – they may carry disgusting things under the shoe that goes on the carpet and clean floor. You will be surprised to know the list of germs you might be carrying in your shoe.
  • Scientists claim that shoes are dirtier than a toilet seat. Toilets seats carry about 1000 germs and shoes way more than that.

What changes you will see?

  • Safe places to crawl for babies and toddlers:  Removing shoes keeps floor much cleaner and germs won’t share playing, crawling space with babies.
  • Health : Families overall health will be good. There won’t be health issues such as UTI, flu, pneumonia, meningitis or diarrhea. Children might bring allergies and sickness from school. At least you know that your house floor is not causing issue!
  • Clean floors: One can notice dramatic difference in the way floor looks. There won’t be soiled marks, shoe impression, visible dirt on the floor. You don’t need to put too much effort to clean the floor.

Remove shoes as soon as you enter the door. Make it a habit.

Main article: https://healthylife.werindia.com/your-road-to-healthy-life/proven-good-old-hygiene-practices

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Good hygiene and good habits

Proven Good Old Hygiene Practices

Our personal hygiene and habits influence the health of whole community. Personal hygiene develops by practice and eventually can be adopted by family and community. Personal hygiene is a need to control contagious diseases. We teach our younger generation what we know and what we learnt. Children watch we do and learn from us. Our ancestors knew about epidemic and contagious diseases. There used to be a time, when drugs & medicines were hardly available causing deaths in family and community. Our elders might not be aware of scientific terms, but they knew what happens when we don’t practice good habits as well as good hygiene. When it comes to eating, drinking, exercise and good habits what we exhibit and practice, will carry from generation to generation. This not only protects us, it protects environment and mother nature.

We know that the food we eat, the air we breath and the water we drink – all three essentials for good health. However, if the food, water and air is clean and personal hygiene is not practiced we will end up with many conditions.

Our culture and traditions teach us from time to time why practicing certain rituals and habits are important to keep a person, family and community health intact. Our ancestors knowledge about health and disease is something that we need to revisit from time to time. This will help us to prevent epidemic and pandemic disease like COVID-19 that is threatening the entire world today.

Image credit: Photo by Andrea Piacquadio from Pexels (Free for commercial use)

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Why to leave shoes outside the house? Read more

Leaving shoes outside

Why wash legs and hands? Read more

Washing legs and hands

Why mandatory isolation after delivery or death? Read more

Mandatory isolation after delivery or death

Reasons to shower after a hair cut & why to trim nails? Read more

Bath after hair cut & why we should trim nails

Brushing before breakfast & reasons for daily bath: Read more

Brushing and bathing why we need to

Stop unhygienic & unhealthy habits today: Read more

Stop unhygienic practice and habits today

References:

·         https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK143998/

·         https://www.academia.edu/

·         https://www.thehealthy.com/

·         www.healthylife.werindia.com

·         https://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Antibiotic from rotten potatoes

Scientists Discover New Antibiotic From Rotten Potatoes That Could Control Disease in Both Plant And Humans

We often look at potato as a food that carries loads of carbohydrates and any preparation from potato is considered as “junk food”.  In our cooking system we think potato is there to dishes more interesting and tastier. Do you know potato has is a valuable crop and even rotten potatoes are valuable?

In a recent press release plant scientists revealed that rotten potato is very valuable as it produces a antibiotic that could help in controlling diseases in crops and can control bugs!

Recent discovery of a new antibiotic by multinational team of researchers in Europe reported discovery of a new antifungal antibiotic namely” Solanimycin”. This compound was isolated from a pathogenic bacterium that infects potatoes. Antibiotic produced by a broad spectrum of related pathogenic bacteria.

Most of the antibiotic that we extract originate from soil microbes. Solanimycin is also produced by a range of plant pathogenic bacteria. What is interesting is, this particular antibiotic may help to treat both plant pathogenic fungi as well as human infections.

Solanimycin is a potential source of antibiotic that could be used agronomically and clinically.

As per the reports solanimycin acts against a wide range of fungi that known to infect agricultural crops. In lab, solanimycin acted against the fungus that naturally causes infections in humans, Candida albicans. Thus, the results show it is a potential source to control both plant and human infections.

This study was conducted by Rita Monson, Microbiologist at University of Cambridge in association with molecular biologist Miguel Matilla from Spanish Research center, Granada. Today, Actinobacteria phylum, a soil fungus produces most therapeutic antibiotics. Discovery of Solanimycin in rotten potatoes is worth a closer look as it could help those crops where we find growing resistance from fungi for existing treatments.

Miguel_Matilla on Twitter: We describe in @mbiojournal  the discovery of a new #antibiotic active against human and plant #pathogens. Its production is regulated by two #quorum sensing systems and enhanced under conditions that mimic the plant host. @QSPapers @BlastMeetings

The pathogen that harbors in rotten potato is Dickeya solani is the one that produces solanimycin. This bacterium was identified more than 15 years ago. After the discovery, George Salmond, Molecular Microbiologist at University of Cambridge started investigating its antibiotic property. Strains of the bacterium emerging rapidly and are widely distributed – according to Dr. Miguel Matilla. Previously another antibiotic was discovered in D. solani, called oocydin A which is highly active against many plants’ fungal pathogens. This was the hint that made researchers to find the new antibiotic. When they silenced the genes responsible for the production of oocydin A, bacterium continued to show antifungal activity, thus led to track the cluster of genes that are responsible for the proteins that make Solanimycin!  

What is interesting is, the bacterium uses this compound sparingly. Means, it produces it in response to cell density and in acidic pH environment. “It’s an antifungal that we believe that will work by killing fungal competitors, and the bacteria benefit so much from this,” said Monson. “But you don’t turn it on unless you’re in a potato.”

What is next for Solanimycin?

Researchers already begun collaborating work with chemists to understand more about solanimycin’s chemical structure and how exactly it works. They will continue testing it on plant and animal pathogens. Immediately, their focus is on trying to use this antibiotic, antifungal for plant protection. They are hoping to coax D. solani to make more compounds that could be used for both plant and human diseases.

 References:

https://asm.org/

https://interestingengineering.com/

https://journals.asm.org/

Image credit: Imagen de Steve Theaker en Pixabay (CC by 0)

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: March 29, 2023
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Hearing and ear health

Protect Your Hearing & Ear Health

At one stage of our lives we might experience hearing loss or hard of hearing the sounds around us. Some hearing loss can be improved according to experts.

The three kind of hearing loss are:

Conductive hearing loss – This can be improved sometimes. It is caused by allergies, ear infections, otosclerosis of bones in inner ear or cholesteatoma, the cyst formation in inner ear. These medical issues can be fixed with medical help and hearing can be stored.

Sensorineural hearing loss – cannot be reversed. This hearing loss is due to the external factors including the age. Medications, diseases and overall health, noise level are few reasons for this. These factors can damage tiny sensory hairs in the cochlea of the ear. These structure cannot be repaired or fixed.

Mixed hearing loss – a combination of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss.

Degree of hearing loss:

  • Mild type: In Mild type hearing loss one may hear some speech sounds, but will have difficulty with soft sounds.
  • Moderate type: In moderate loss, one will struggle to hear or understand speech when someone is talking at a normal level.
  • Severe type: One will hear little-to-no speech when spoken at normal levels, and hear only some loud sounds.
  • Profound type: Ione will hear only hear very loud sounds in profound degree hearing loss

How to keep hearing health in good condition?

Keeping ears in healthy condition will have good impact on our listening and sound quality. To maintain good hearing capacity, irrespective of age following tips will help.

  1. Be mentally active: Do you know? Brain plays an important role in processing information that we receive in our ear? Anxiety, depression, stress has negative impact on hearing. Brain needs good workout. Brain exercises such as sudoku, word escapes, crossword puzzles, solving math problems, bingo, pokers – are great ideas to work your brain.
  2. Turn down the volume: The habit of listening to loud music, beats of the music, increased TV volume or video games has hugs impact on hearing. Keep noise down as much as possible. Doctors suggest that 85 decibels or louder sound an harm ear. If you cannot control the volume, move away from the sound or wear hearing protection such as ear bud or cover with ear covers.
  3. Ear wax: Sometimes ear wax could cause hearing issue and interfere in receptive to sounds. Talk to doctor and check for build up wax in ears. Your doctor will suggest whether wax should be removed if it is causing an issue on hearing.
  4. Stop smoking: Studies show that smoking and hearing loss are correlated. It is important to maintain healthy blood flow to inner ear cells. Prolonged exposer to carbon monoxide and nicotine can harm oxygen supply to ear cells. To improve hearing quality quit smoking today!
  5. Daily exercise: Exercise in any form improves blood circulation. It can be aerobic exercise, walk or work in gardening. Instead of sitting idle and watching TV, start moving to improve ear health.
  6. Practice yoga: Yoga has positive impact on hearing. Yoga helps to focus and several poses of yoga improves oxygen supply to head and ear. For example shirsasana (head stand), downward dog pose, leg up the wall, shoulder stands are some of the poses will assist better hearing by improving nerve functions and also by removing toxins.
  7. Meditation: Focusing on breathing while meditating will help blood circulation. Focus on sounds will help to concentrate on deciphering sounds in noisy settings. Thus meditation improves quality of hearing.
  8. Nutritious food: It is important to focus on diet too. Potassium is an important mineral that needs for good hearing. It plays a major role in inner ear function and in converting sounds to signals for brain to interpret further. Consume banana, potato, bean, and foods that are rich in potassium. Another mineral that is present in almond, cashews and other nuts is zinc. Zinc is effective in treating tinnitus, ringing, or buzzing sound. Folic acid is slows down the onset of hearing loss with age. Folate is important to maintain regular blood flow to ear. Consume leafy vegetables such as spinach, amaranthus, palak, broccoli to get more folic acid. Magnesium is important to fight free radicals and acts as a barrier to protect sensory hair or cochlea. Include Vitamin B in your diet to help nerve health.
  9. Diabetes control: Elevated blood sugar levels increases risk of hearing loss. High blood sugar damages blood vessels and nerves in the inner ear. It is important to control blood sugar by controlling diet and taking proper nutritious food.
  10. Regular ear check up: Talk to your doctor about hearing test and for a ear checkup.  Your physician may refer you to a hearing professional, who can help determine the type, cause and degree of your hearing loss and will be able to help you to maintain good hearing.

References:

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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