All posts by Sumana Rao

Don't worry about the people in your past; There's a reason they didn't make it to your future.
Microplastic in drinks

What It Means When Microplastics Are Found in Drinking Sources

Microplastics are tiny plastic fragments less than 5 mm in size, often invisible to the naked eye. They come from the breakdown of larger plastics like plastic bags, bottles, packaging, straw, carry bags or are manufactured at that size like microbeads in cosmetics, fibers from synthetic fabrics. They are one of the major pollutants of our drinking sources.

What is plastic? Plastic is a material that comes from synthetic or human-made organic compounds containing carbon, often made with petroleum, and can come in many shapes, sizes, and colors. 

Do you know? Microplastics can come from a variety of sources including larger plastic pieces that have broken apart, resin pellets used for plastic manufacturing, or in the form of microbeads, which are small, manufactured plastic beads used in health and beauty products. (https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/)

Which are different sources from which we might consume microplastic?

  • Coffee and tea: Studies have found that brewing tea with plastic-based tea bags can release billions of microplastic particles into a single cup. Similarly, single-use plastic coffee pods, lids, and even filters may shed particles into drinks.
  • Water sources: Tap and bottled water worldwide have been shown to contain microplastics, often from degraded plastic pipes, bottles, or environmental contamination. Bottled water can sometimes have even higher levels than tap.

Health implications: Research is still emerging, but microplastics have been detected in human blood, lungs, and placental tissue. Potential risks include:

  • Carrying toxic chemicals into the body.
  • Causing inflammation or oxidative stress at the cellular level.
  • Disrupting ecosystems when these plastics accumulate in water bodies.
  • Microplastic can lead to memory loss and Alzheimer’s condition.

How we can help prevent this issue?

As individuals-

  • Choose better brewing methods: Use loose-leaf tea with stainless steel or glass strainers instead of plastic-based tea bags. For coffee, prefer stainless steel filters, French press, or compostable paper filters over plastic pods.
  • Reduce bottled water use: Opt for filtered tap water and a reusable glass or stainless-steel bottle.
  • Avoid plastic cups and lids: Bring your own travel mug or request no lid when possible.
  • Minimize single-use plastics: Straws, stirrers, and packaging all add to the problem.

As a community-

  • Advocate for safer packaging: Support brands moving to biodegradable or compostable alternatives.
  • Encourage regulation: Push for limits on microplastics in food and water, and stricter controls on plastic production and waste.
  • Promote clean water infrastructure: Investment in advanced filtration systems at municipal levels can help reduce contamination.
  • Raise awareness: The more people understand that everyday items shed plastics, the greater the push for systemic change.

Microplastics in our drinks highlight how deeply plastics have infiltrated daily life. While science is still uncovering the full health impact, prevention is possible through conscious consumer choices, pressure on industry, and systemic policy changes.

Fore more on microplastic in ocean visit: https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/microplastics.mp4

References:


Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: September 19, 2025
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Use of tea bags

Tips To Reuse Tea Bags For Home And Beauty Purposes

After preparing tea do not throw tea bags in garbage. These used tea bags still have the power to serve you to enhance your beauty as well as daily house tasks.

Drinking tea (herbal or black tea) is recommended for health because of antioxidant content that protect us from sickness. Giving a second chance to already used tea bags is a great idea to improve health and to keep home clean. Any types of herbal teas and black tea bags can be reused for these purposes.

  • As nutrient to soil: Tea contains antioxidant like tannic acid which is a natural fertilizer for your garden. As it decomposes soil richness increases to supporting growing plants.
  • As decomposer:  Tannic acid content promotes decomposition. Add the tea bags in decompost bin and use the compost to grow veggies and flowering plants in garden.
  • Fungal repellent: Dip the tea bags in warm water and leave it for few hours. Rest of the content present in tea bag slowly seeps in the water. Transfer this solution to a spray bottle and spray on plant leaves to avoid fungal attack of indoor and garden plants.
  • Good for roses and curry plants: Tannins in tea leaves helps roses to grow well. Like wise, adding tea leaves around curry leaf plant makes plant grow well.
  • Air freshener: Use tea bags as air freshener for your vehicle.  Tea leaves absorb the bad odor by neutralizing. If you want little more fragrance, apply bit of your favorite essential oil on top of dry tea bag.
  • Deodorize fridge: In a bowl keep few used tea bags and place in fridge. You can also place leftover tea powder. Benefit of this is, it absorbs old vegetables smell, onion, and garlic odor.
  • Deodorize shoes: Place used, dried tea bag in your office or sport shoes. It absorbs the bad stinky odor from shoes.
  • Use in closet and drawer: Keep dried tea bags in your closet, in drawer or  between clothes to get fresh, herbal odor.
  • Rub on hands: After cutting onion, garlic or veggies that gives odor, open the tea bag, and rub tea leaves on your palms. You can also use tea liquid as finger bowl to feel fresh.
  • For cleaning: Because of tannins, black tea is leaves are good source for cleaning hardwood floors. After preparing tea, instead of throwing the tea leaves, brew them further. Strain and use the liquid to mop hardwood floor. Tannic acid in tea brings shining to floor. You can use tea bags to clean mirror. Use a soft cloth or paper to remove excess tea from mirror or glass.
  • For cast iron: Did you know tannin prevents iron from rusting? Once a while rub used moistened tea bag on cost iron to keep cast iron rust free.

Beauty tips with tea bags

  • For sun burn and scratches: Apply cold compress of used tea leaves on burnt area on the skin. to prepare cold compresses,  soak tea bags in ice water or keep them in fridge for few minutes. To reduce sun burning you can spray diluted tea solution.
  • For insect bite: To reduce itchiness, bumps and pain from insect bite use cold compress of tea leaves. Use black tea as it has more tannin content and is more effective.
  • Reduce puffiness of eyes : Sleepless nights or excess sleeping can cause puffiness of eyes. To reduce puffiness take two tea bags, moisten them and place is on closed eye lids or below eyes. Remove tea bags after 5-10 mins. Eyes will appear normal.
  • For acne: Warm tea bag compress is good for reducing acne pain. Antioxidants acts on skin microbes to reduce their activities.
  • Facial mask: Open used tea bag and mix the leaves with 2 tsp honey. Rub this mix on your face. Leave it for few minutes, wash using warm water. You will notice glowing, smooth face.
  • As mouthwash: Use diluted tea solution to wash and gargle mouth. It removes bad odor, bad breath and makes you feel better.
  • For hair and bath: Just like herbal hair care products, tea bags helps to clarify and conditioning the hair. After washing hair, take brewed, diluted tea bag solution and apply on hair and scalp. Leave it for few minutes and give a rinse. Hair turns smooth and shiny.
  • Use in bathing: You can fill bucket with warm water and soak tea bags in the water. Take bath in this water. Drinking green tea has positive benefit on skin. Similarly, having bath using warm green or herbal tea water is good for skin.

Image credit: Image by ❄️♡💛♡❄️ Julita ❄️♡💛♡❄️ from Pixabay (cc by 0)


Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Vascular Dementia Prevention

Vascular Dementia Prevention

There is no cure for this condition. Slowing progression is possible by managing stroke risk: Controlling blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, Preventing further strokes with medications.

 Reversible conditions of memory loss

  • Depression -treated with therapy/medication.
  • Vitamin deficiencies – supplementation
  • Thyroid problems -hormone treatment
  • Medication side effects -adjustment or switching drugs.
  • Sleep apnea – CPAP, lifestyle changes.

Image credit: Image by Gerd Altmann from Pixabay (Free to use under Pixabay content license)


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Treatment, Prevention And Cure For Dementia

Treatment, Prevention And Cure For Dementia

For Alzheimer’s -There are currently no cures for Alzheimer’s. Treatments aim to slow progression and manage symptoms.

Medications:

  • Cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine) – improve communication between nerve cells.
    • Memantine – regulates glutamate, supports memory/learning.
    • Newer drugs (like lecanemab) target amyloid plaques, but only slow early disease progression

Non-drug therapies:

Image credit Image by Gerd Altmann from Pixabay (Free to use under Pixabay content license)


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Other Types Of Dementias And Non -Dementia Memory Loss

Other Types Of Dementias And Non -Dementia Memory Loss

There are other types of less common types of Dementias classified based on symptoms.

  • Vascular Dementia – Slow thinking, focus issues, after strokes.
  • Lewy Body Dementia – Hallucinations, sleep disturbance, movement issues
  • Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD)Behavior changes, poor impulse control, language loss
  • Parkinson’s Dementia – Movement problems first, then memory/thinking issues
  • Mixed Dementia -A combination of two or more types of dementia – like Alzheimer’s plus Vascular dementia.
  • Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease (CJD) – rare, rapidly progressive, caused by prion proteins.

Non-dementia types that can result in memory loss: Some memory problems that look like dementia can be reversible.

These types of dementia are reversible in some cases.

  • Depression – pseudodementia
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency
  • Thyroid disorders
  • Alcohol-related brain damage
  • Medication side effects
  • Sleep disorders like sleep apnea and insomnia.

Image credit: Image by Silvia from Pixabay (Free to use under Pixabay content license)


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Alzheimer’s Disease – The Most Common Dementia

Alzheimer’s Disease – The Most Common Dementia

A progressive, degenerative brain disease and the most common cause of dementia (60–80% of cases). Not all dementia types are Alzheimer’s. Alzheimer’s disease is result of abnormal buildup of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain.

Symptoms: usually gradual and worsening over years-

  • Early: Subtle short-term memory loss, repeating questions, misplacing items
  • Middle: Confusion about time/place, trouble recognizing familiar people, poor judgment, difficulty with speech and reading
  • Later: Severe memory loss, loss of mobility, inability to conduct basic self-care, personality changes, hallucinations
    • Dementia = is umbrella term for symptom category
    • Alzheimer’s = one disease within that category

Image credit: Image by Gundula Vogel from Pixabay (Free to use under Pixabay content license)


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Dementia -Types, Symptoms, Prevention And Cure

Dementia -Types, Symptoms, Prevention And Cure

Dementia is not a disease itself but a syndrome. Dementia is an umbrella term for a group of symptoms that affect memory, thinking, behavior, and the ability to conduct daily activities.

Dementia is the loss of cognitive functioning — thinking, remembering, and reasoning — to such an extent that it interferes with a person’s daily life and activities (https://www.nia.nih.gov/). 

Dementia is the result of changes in certain brain regions that cause nerve cells and their connections to stop working properly. Scientists are still investigating how the underlying disease processes in different forms of dementia start and influence each other.

General Symptoms:

  • Memory loss interfering with daily life.
  • Difficulty with planning, problem-solving, or decision-making
  • Language problems (finding words, following conversations, using unusual words)
  • Confusion about time/place, acting impulsively.
  • Mood, behavior, or personality changes
  • Difficulty with coordination or movement (in some types)
  • Difficulty with everyday tasks (cooking, managing money, personal care)
  • Not caring about others or family feelings

References:

  1. https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia
  2. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia
  3. https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/about-dementia/types-dementia/what-is-dementia
  4. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-and-dementia/what-dementia-symptoms-types-and-diagnosis
  5. Image credit: Image by Udo Voigt from Pixabay (Free to use under Pixabay content license)

Alzheimer’s Disease – The Most Common Dementia – Click Here

Alzheimer’s Disease – The Most Common Dementia

Other Types Of Dementias And Non -Dementia Memory Loss – Click Here

Other Types Of Dementias And Non -Dementia Memory Loss

Treatment, Prevention And Cure For Dementia – Click Here

Treatment, Prevention And Cure For Dementia

Vascular Dementia Prevention – Click Here

Vascular Dementia Prevention

Prevention – Risk Reduction Strategies – Click Here

Prevention - Risk Reduction Strategies

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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