All posts by Sumana Rao

Don't worry about the people in your past; There's a reason they didn't make it to your future.
nCoV outbreak Travel guidance

nCoV travel guidance & safety

One of the most concern is traveling between continents and countries during this new 2019-nCoV outbreak.

  1. If you can avoid travel, then you must consider the option of not traveling. Avoid non- essential travel.
  2. Avoid travel if you have cough and fever.
  3. Seek medical advice if you already have fever, cough and difficulty in breathing.
  4. If you are traveling, then avoid close contact with people who are suffering from fever and cough. Clean hands frequently, avoid touching your eyes, mouth and nose.
  5. Cover mouth and nose using mask. Use tissue to cover nose and mouth when coughing and sneezing
  6. If you are using mask, immediately discard single use mask after each use. Wash your hands after removing the masks.
  7. Visit travel alert and guidance to understand the situation of the outbreak in Public health websites- CDC, WHO and your govt website,

Image curtesy: https://www.maricopa.gov/ , www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov , China travel guide

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: February 3, 2020
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Novel coronavirus myth buster

2019-nCoV myth busters

2019-nCoV myth busters: Like any other disease outbreak there are many rumors and false news are spreading around the world about nCoV. Some of the information forwarded to on social media messages may not be even true. nCoV is a new strain of virus and still there is lot to learn about the disease.

  1. Can herbal medicine work for nCoV?

nCoV is new strain of viruses and there is no evidence to show that herbal medicine could work. Talk to your doctor before proceeding with any herbal medicines

  • Can pets spread the new coronavirus?

There is no evidence so far to say pets can be infected with new coronavirus. Wash your hand with soap and water after contact with home pets.

  • What is the effect on younger or older people? Are they susceptible?

Irrespective of ages, anyone can be infected by new coronavirus. People who have low immune system and with existing medical conditions appear to be more vulnerable and can get severely sick

  • Are antibiotics work for new coronavirus?

Antibiotics are for preventing bacterial growth and infection. Antibiotics does not work for new viruses. However, if someone diagnosed with new coronavirus then they can take antibiotics to avoid co-infection of bacteria

  • Are there any specific medicines to prevent 2019-nCoV?

As of today, there is no specific medicine recommended to treat the new virus. Prevention care, appropriate care to relieve and treat symptoms are necessary. As far Clinical trial -WHO is guiding and helping with research to develop drugs to prevent the disease.

Image credit: Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 NIAID
https://www.flickr.com/photos/niaid/49727653491/in/photostream/ (CC BY 2.0)

Image description: Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 :Colorized scanning electron micrograph of an apoptotic cell (red) heavily infected with SARS-COV-2 virus particles (yellow), isolated from a patient sample. Image captured at the NIAID Integrated Research Facility (IRF) in Fort Detrick, Maryland. Credit: NIAID

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Novel coronavirus risk assessment

nCoV risk assessment

Novel coronavirus outbreak is s serious public health threat. It is still unclear how the situation unfolds in many countries. In China, where the disease outbreak is reported, many people are severely sick, and disease is sustaining because of transmission from person to person.

The risk to individuals depends on the exposure. The risk of the outbreaks depends on the type of the virus too. In this case novel coronavirus is a new strain, the complete clinical picture regarding the nCoV is still not clear. Research and clinical trial are still under way to find a proper cure (like vaccination or medication). Many healthcare workers who are caring the patients with nCoV are at risk of getting infected. According to CDC, more cases are likely to identified in upcoming days and it could be due to person to person contact. To prevent the disease- proper precaution, avoiding contact with sick person, and avoiding unnecessary travel to outbreak areas are highly recommended.

Image credits: www.cdc.gov

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:3D_medical_animation_coronavirus_structure.jpg

https://www.scientificanimations.com / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Jackfruit Manchurian

Jackfruit Manchurian

World’s one of the largest fruit Jackfruit is known for its delicious taste and is considered as the fruit of future. Many varieties of vegetarian dishes can be prepared using jackfruit. Both ripened fruit as well as raw fruits of jackfruit can be used as ingredient of several dishes. It is also a good replacement for meat (chicken) and many vegetables including cauliflower.  During jackfruit season one should also try jackfruit Manchurian. It is tasty and rich in fiber too!

Jackfruit is one of the biggest fruit in the world. It is considered as a miracle fruit crop as it could save millions from starvation! It also has several health benefits.

See here more on jackfruit benefits: https://healthylife.werindia.com/your-road-to-healthy-life/indian-jackfruit-replace-meat

Before end of season, try Jackfruit Manchurian recipe and let us know what you think?

 Ingredients

  1. Ginger -garlic paste – 1.5 tsp
  2. Corn flour – 3 Tbsp
  3. Gram flour – 3 Tbsp
  4. All-purpose flour – 3 Tbsp
  5. Cumin powder – ½ tsp
  6. Chilli powder – 1 tsp
  7. Salt – as required

Seasoning ingredients:

  1. Oil – 2 Tbsp
  2. Cumin seeds – ½ tsp
  3. Green chillis – 3 or 4 finely chopped
  4. Onion – ¾ cup finely chopped
  5. Garlic – 5 cloves – finely chopped
  6. Ginger – ½ inch grated
  7. Cilantro/coriander – ½ cup
  8. Tomato – 1 cup cut into small pieces
  9. Tamarind-date chutney – 1 Tbsp
  10. Lemon juice – little
  11. Scallion – ¼ cup

 Pakoda Preparation:

  1. Select small raw, unripen jackfruit
  2. Remove outer skin and cut inner edible part to few big pieces (3 or 4).
  3. Pressure cook cut jackfruit pieces without adding water on medium heat.
  4. After one whistle turn off the heat. Do not overcook jackfruit. Overcooking will not lead to good Manchurian.
  5. After cooling, cut jackfruit pieces to small 1 inch pieces.
  6. To these cut pieces add corn flour, all purpose flour, gram flour, red chilli powder, cumin powder, garlic and ginger paste and mix well by addling little water. Consistence should be like pakora batter.
  7. Heat oil and fry jackfruit pakora mix pieces. Let jackfruit fry properly – to golden brown and it should be crispy
  8. Transfer fried jackfruit pakora on paper towel to remove excess oil.

Seasoning and manchurian preparation:

  1. In a vessel heat 2 Tbsp oil, add cumin, cut green chilli, garlic and ginger pieces.
  2. Sauté for a minute or two.
  3. Add chopped tomatoes, fry until tomato cooked, add onion and continue frying.
  4. To this above mix add tamarind – date mix and mix well.
  5. Add jackfruit pakora and lemon juice – mix well on low heat.
  6. Sprinkle chopped cilantro, scallion and salt. Mix and serve hot jackfruit Manchurian with green chutney and jeera rice !

Recipe by: www.healthylife.werindia.com

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: January 27, 2020
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PCOS symptoms and diet

PCOS causes symptoms and diet

Polycystic ovary syndrome, commonly known as PCOS is a condition that occurs in women of reproductive age. Women who suffer from PCOS will have hormonal imbalance associated with problem in metabolism.

Symptoms of PCOS: Symptoms and signs of PCOS from woman to woman can vary. During diagnosis of PCOS  any of the following symptoms can one experience

Excess androgen: Androgen is male hormone that is also expressed in females. If the androgen level elevates then it results in excess facial and body hair, severe acne and baldness as we see in male.

Irregular or no period: Infrequent, prolonged or irregular menstrual cycle is common symptom. One might experience fewer and heavier period and a gap of more than 35 days in each cycle. With PCOS, woman might not have enough of progesterone hormones and it can make miss period for long time or might have periods that are irregular and hard to predict.

Polycystic ovaries: Enlarge ovaries might contain follicles or cysts surrounding eggs. Because of this, ovaries will fail to function regularly. It can affect women to conceive.

Other symptoms: skin tags, dandruff, acne, high stress level, sleep apnea.

What causes PCOS? 

The exact reason for why some women get PCOS is not known. It can be hereditary. If body produces too much insulin then it can affect ovaries and ovulation. Research and studies have shown that women with PCOS can have low grade inflammation that stimulate many cysts in ovaries to produce androgens.

Risk factors:

PCOS can also cause other health problems because it is associated with improper metabolism and can result in high blood pressure, insulin resistance, high cholesterol and diabetes, infertility, sleep apnea, liver problems.  

Other major risk factors with PCOS are: metabolic syndrome, obesity associated with depression and anxiety.

Treatments:  Doctor can diagnose PCOS through family history and symptoms, pelvic exams, blood test for hormone, cholesterol, sugar level.  Based on diagnosis doctor can prescribe birth control pills, infertility medication or diabetes medications.

Sometime surgical method might be helpful – ovarian drilling to release androgen level, cyst aspiration or depending on the severity of condition removal of one or both ovaries.

Diet for PCOS:

According to study conducted on several PCOS suffering women, diet can help to reduce the symptoms and bring regularity in periods. Women who follow proper diet can conceive even with PCOS.

Which diet is better for PCOS? A better understanding of body and what to eat is essential to overcome PCOS and stress.

  1. High fiber food – digestive fiber food containing vegetable and fruits
  2. Unprocessed, natural foods
  3. Broccoli, cauliflower and including mustard oil in food helps
  4. If you are non-vegetarian then reduce red meat or no meat. Salmon, tuna, sardines and mackerel – these fish foods help
  5. Include healthy fats like canola, olive oil and avocado oil.
  6. Nuts – walnut, almond and pistachios
  7. Less or no sugar. Consider taking dark chocolate in moderation
  8. Include turmeric in daily cooking
  9. Cinnamon helps to reduce cholesterol – is a good addition in the diet
  10. Consider DASH diet
  11. Use more leafy green vegetables, lentils, finger millet and quinoa
  12. Low carbohydrate and less glycemic index diet to improve insulin metabolism
  13. Say no to processed foods, meats, hot dogs etc
  14. Reduce fried foods and avoid fast food
  15. Do not drink sugary beverages, sodas, avoid bakery food
  16. Avoid solid fats such as shortening, margarine and lard.

Change life style with good hobbies, set goal in your life and take care of your psychological well being. Practicing yoga, meditation, participating in group activities, spending time with like minded people and working on stress management, avoiding over commitment and taking time to relax will help to manage PCOS

References:

https://jeanhailes.org.au

https://youngwomenshealth.org

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/

www.healthylife.werindia.com

www.endocrynologyadvisor.com

Image credit: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Polycystic_Ovaries.jpg

Attribution;http://www.scientificanimations.com / CC BY-SA (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Anti gravity yoga

Benefits of Anti Gravity or Aerial yoga

In your childhood you would have tried hanging upside down using bedsheets or towels with your parents help for fun. Likewise, have you ever tried to swing on a fabric or on a hammock on a beach or in your backyard? It is a relaxing experience for those who use hammock. Aerial yoga is like using hammock and trying different poses and movements to get both flexibility and strength. It involves yoga poses, Pilates and gymnastics.

Aerial yoga is different from traditional yoga in terms of a hammock or a swing. The weight of our body will be supported by a swing. The fabrics that are used for aerial yoga are high density materials and will not spoil easily. These fabrics are made of high-density nylon materials and supports up to 2000 pounds! It helps to achieve flexibility and deeper stretchers. Swings or hammocks are held up by carabineers, chains and webbing straps. One can adjust the height according to their needs.

In Aerial yoga, traditional yoga modifications are used, or traditional yoga poses are adopted to aerial yoga poses using the hammock or swing support. It involves simple stretches such as sitting poses on hammock and with advances poses hanging upside down, grabbing legs, thighs, ankles or feet for balance and support.

While performing aerial yoga, one should be prepared with proper attire and take precautions so that not get hurt. Generally, instructors will suggest following precautions:

  1. Not to wear jewelry – as jewelry might entangled in the swing and disturb the pose or can hurt.
  2. Comfortable clothing – not to wear baggy or loose clothes to avoid interference with swing. Do not wear shoes or slippers. Performing aerial yoga in barefoot is highly recommended.
  3. Hydrate body before the practice – Drink water and hydrate body. Do not drink any type of energy drink, soda or juice. During practice one might perform upside down pose and it could cause nausea and can have unpleasant experience.
  4. Practice in presence of instructor is highly recommended to avoid any injury.
  5. Understanding the basics of yoga, aerial yoga and modifications of yoga poses comes in handy while practicing aerial yoga.

Some of the variations of regular yoga poses in aerial yoga are:

  • Shavasana (Savasana) – is done by cocooning oneself inside hammock and it is floating shavasana!
  • Warrior three pose – the opposite foot will be extended back in the midair.
  • Handstand – legs are entangled in swing to support the body, rather than lifting in the midair.
  • Chair pose – hammock supports by twining around both armpits and hands can be rested on thighs
  • Plank – both feet will have support of hammock while hands are on the floor
  • Extended leg- There will be support for the extended leg in the air by means of hammock or extended leg will rest on hammock.
  • Tree pose – one leg will be on hammock another one will entangle around the hammock to support balance in the air and gravity

Benefits of practicing aerial yoga: In aerial yoga most poses are performed against gravity. It is also known as antigravity yoga. Aerial yoga practices include many inversions and poses that flip the entire body upside down.

  1. Muscle strengthening: Toning and strengthening muscle is one of the main advantages of aerial yoga. It works on abdominal muscles very well. Twisting the legs and thighs in swings works on bigger muscles and tones well. Harder the body works, core muscles will engage in burning calories, balance and toning. It stretches ligaments too.
  2. Stress relief: It is a fun yoga practice. As children we all would have tried hanging to something upside down. By knowing yoga poses and trying modifications of the yoga poses in air with help of hammock is a fun filled experience and stress buster.
  3. Greater vertebrae: Pulled down by gravity, spine decompresses and helps in reducing pain.
  4. Free movements and flexibility: Hanging in hammock helps to improve flexibility of arms, legs and entire body. The stretches will help to obtain better results with traditional yoga poses.

Aerial yoga is fun and relaxing. It helps to get into balance and improves traditional yoga pose postures. Try aerial yoga if you have a yoga studio that teaches anti-gravity yoga and experience the benefits that it has to offer.

Image credit: Photo by cottonbro from Pexels (Free for commercial use)

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: January 23, 2020
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SARS like virus outbreak in China

SARS like Virus outbreak in China

A mysterious pneumonia outbreak is reported in China recently that is like SARS. It has affected dozens of people. Concern is grown because the viruses that are responsible for this attack belongs to same family of the viruses (coronavirus) of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome), that affected a total of 8,098 people in 2003 outbreak and the illness was spread to more than two dozen countries including North and south America, Europe and Asian countries and resulted in SARS global outbreak. A total of 774 people were killed in the pandemic that spread to 37 countries in 2002 and 2003. Virus was contained with medicines in 2003. However, the new virus that is now discovered is threatening people in China and elsewhere.  

Chinese scientists found a new coronavirus in 15 out of 57 patients with pneumonia illness in Wuhan city of Hubei province. The pathogen outbreak is reported in broadcaster CCTV past Thursday. According to scientists, the whole genome sequence of the new pneumonia virus has been obtained and the sample isolated from a patient showed “typical coronavirus appearance”.

As of last Thursday, Japanese authorities also confirmed one patient with SARS who has been recovered and discharged from hospital. Patient told he did not visit the seafood market that was linked to virus breakout while he was in Wuhan city.  Another Chinese tourist a 61-year-old woman was quarantined by Thai authorities.

Huanan Wholesale Seafood market in Wuhan where the virus outbreak was reported has been shut down for disinfection since beginning of this year. Authorities reported that, the samples taken from the market tested positive for new SARS virus. The concern is, the market was also sold live animals including rabbits, birds and snakes that might be carrying the virus and can be transmitted to humans. Virologist Leo Poon who decoded the SARS coronavirus said that, the Thai case suggests two possibilities. The woman tourist was either infected by another person or by an animal in another market in Wuhan. Meanwhile Hong Kong authorities found 38 people with high fever or respiratory symptoms after returning from Wuhan and 21 patients have been discharged.

According to Poon, “like SARS and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), there may not be effective medication directly targeting the new coronavirus, but supportive treatments — such as assisted respiration and fever relief — can be provided to cure the symptoms. So far no patient (*as of last week) has died from the disease and it appears that the supportive treatments are effective”.

*As of this week, 17 people were reported to be dead due to coronivirus outbreak. And, one person was quarantined in US.

WHO released a statement regarding the new outbreak “In the coming weeks, more comprehensive information is required to understand the current status and epidemiology of the outbreak, and the clinical picture. Further investigations are also required to determine the source, modes of transmission, extent of infection and countermeasures implemented,”

WHO will continue to monitor the situation in China and will advise against the application of any trade or travel restriction on China based on the available information on disease. Across Asia governments are taking preventive measurements such as airport temperature screening, notification requirements in the wake of disease outbreak. Doctors are advised to report any pneumonia case from tourists who return from China.

What are coronaviruses?

  • Coronaviruses are the ones that are responsible for from common cold to deadly SARS.

What are SARS symptoms?

  • High temperature, high fever greater than 100. 4°F [>38.0°C]
  • Severe headache, discomfort and body aches
  • Respiratory problems
  • Diarrhea (about 10 to 20% patients will show this symptom)
  • Dry cough
  • Most patients develop pneumonia.

How the SARS spreads across?

Mainly from person-to person contact. SARS virus is transmitted mainly by respiratory droplets that produces when an infected person sneezes or coughs. If a person is present at 3 feet when infected person coughs or sneezes, through air droplet can settle on mucous membrane of a person that is present in nose, mouth or eyes. Another way the virus spreads is, when a person touches an object or surface and contaminates with infectious droplets. SARS virus is airborne and can infect anybody.

Close contact:  If a care taker or a person lives with infected person encounters respiratory secretions and body fluid of patient, it can result in SARS. In addition – hugging, kissing, drinking and eating in same utensils, direct touching and being within 3 feet distance could cause SARS. Activities such as like walking by an infected person or brief sitting across a room does not considered as close contact.

How to prevent SARS or MERS?

  1. Preventing SARS or MERS is similar to preventing any other viral respiratory infection.
  2. Avoid close contact with affected patients
  3. Use good hand washing practice with proper soap and water
  4. Ask people who are infected to cover their nose and mouth.
  5. Prevent spread of infection by unnecessary visit to patients
  6. Hospital staff must take proper precautions.
  7. Affected people will continue to shed the virus even after 10 days of infection and for another 2 weeks. Virus can survive on surfaces for as long as six days. Use bleach or household detergents to disinfect and clean the household items.
  8. Disinfect items used by patients – bed, sheets, clothes and other items.
  9. Clean door knobs, handles, sinks using disinfectants.
  10. Wear masks when you must assist the sick person.
  11. Take precautions if you are traveling to regions where outbreak is reported.
  12. While in public places like airport wear masks to prevent infections

References:

  1. https://www.cnn.com/health
  2. https://www.cdc.gov/sars/about/fs-sars.html
  3. https://www.thesundaily.my/world/sars-like-virus-spreads-in-china-reaches-third-asian-country-FJ1913043
  4. https://www.sbs.com.au/news/chinese-travellers-preparing-for-lunar-new-year-unfazed-as-deadly-sars-like-virus-spreads

Image credit:Coronavirus: https://www.tasmanianeye.org/ , China images – commons.wikimedia.org

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: January 21, 2020
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Keep Children Away From These Indoor Plants

Poisonous Indoor Plants & Kids Safety

We decorate house various ways. Most time people love to include indoor plants in their decoration. Because indoor plants are  beautiful and makes house more livable and warming. There are many indoor plants available in horticulture division. Did you know that many indoor plants are not safe for kids and pets? Sometimes the plant labels (if available) will describe the nature of plant – how to grow and how toxic the plant is.

Many times we might be kept in dark because of no such information will be available or we may just borrow cuttings from friend’s house. The most common plants that we grow indoor that are toxic for both kids and pets are listed below.

Poisonous plants contain chemicals that can cause severe reactions – allergy to children and if consumed can be fatal too .Precautions needed when you select indoor plants to decorate house especially if you have young children (and pets).

The 12 poisonous plants are listed below are commonly used as indoor plants.

  1. Philodendron: How toxic?  Mildly: (Philodendron selections) : No other group of plants is as widely used indoors as philodendrons, but they are poisonous to humans and pets. Eating them can cause burning and swelling of lips, tongue, and throat; vomiting; and diarrhea.
  2.  Pothos: How toxic?  Yes: (Epipremnum aureum): A close relative of philodendron, pothos is just as easy to grow, but unfortunately causes the same symptoms of philodendron if ingested.
  3. Arrowhead: How toxic? Moderately : (Syngonium podophyllum) The leaves are constantly shedding and being regrown, so even if this plant is out of reach, it is a good idea to check often for fallen leaves. Humans and animals: Irritated skin, stomach upset, vomiting.
  4.  Easter Lily: How toxic? Moderately: (Lilium longiflorum): Cats have been known to suffer serious damage after eating Easter lilies.  Eating small amounts of any part of the plant can lead to a cat’s death from kidney failure if not treated by a veterinarian within 18 hours. The plant is not poisonous to children, but they can choke on pieces of it.
  5.  Peace Lily: How toxic? Yes: (Spathiphyllum selections): A popular low-light houseplant, the peace lily is toxic only if large quantities of the leaves are eaten. Burning and swelling of lips, mouth, and tongue, difficulty speaking or swallowing, vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea.
  6.  Dieffenbachia: How toxic? Moderately: (Dieffenbachia selections): This popular houseplant grows in low-light conditions. It’s earned one of its common names, dumb cane, because of the symptoms that occur when it’s eaten. The sap causes the tongue to burn and swell, enough to block off air to the throat. It can be fatal to both humans and pets if ingested in large amounts.
  7.  Oleander: How toxic? Extremely: (Nerium oleander) All parts of oleander, a popular indoor flowering shrub, are extremely poisonous. Wear gloves and wash your hands when pruning and taking cuttings to be sure you don’t accidentally ingest the sap. It can be fatal if eaten.
  8.  Caladium: How toxic? Extremely: South American bulb plant with long-lasting foliage. They are popular as houseplants or for outside landscaping. All parts of the Caldadium are considered toxic to humans and animals. Symptoms after ingestion can include- painful burning and swelling of the mouth, tongue, lips and throat, difficulty breathing, speaking, and swallowing, and possible blocked airways that can lead to death.
  9.  Mother-In-Law’s Tongue: How toxic? Low – Sansevieria species –The foliage variegated green with hints of white, yellow, and silver. The toxicity level is low, producing short-lasting symptoms such as mouth pain, salivation, and some nausea. In rare instances, it can produce a dermatological reaction, but is mainly toxic only if ingested.
  10.  Ivy: How toxic? Mildly: (Hedera helix): Large quantities of ivy must be ingested to cause serious problems, but all parts of English ivy can cause symptoms that include skin irritation, burning throat after eating the berries, fever, and rash.
  11.  ZZ plant: How toxic? Mildly: (Zamioculcas zamiifolia) : They are commonly known as evergreen plants and require very little water once a while. The drought-tolerant ZZ plant is a wonderful addition to low-light situations in homes and offices, but all parts of this plant are poisonous. Keep it away from children and pets, and wash your hands or wear gloves if you need to handle it.
  12.  Daffodils : How toxic? Moderate: (Narcissus selections) : Many spring bulbs, including hyacinths and daffodils forced for indoor blooms, are toxic if eaten by humans or pets. Eating the bulbs (which can be mistaken for shallots or onions) can cause intense stomach problems, high blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, and even death.

If you ask then which safe indoor plants are, there are safe indoor plants available in nursery. Look for these below mentioned plants.

  1. Christmas Cactus
  2. Coleus
  3. Boston Fern
  4. Spider Plant
  5. Jade Plant
  6. African Violets
  7. Miniature rose
  8. Wandering Jew

What precautions one should take with indoor plants?

Children and pets should be kept away from the indoor plants. Take as much as care as possible. Teach children not to touch the plants.

  1. Label plants with the plant name and mention whether plant is toxic or not.
  2. Wear gloves while handling plants.
  3. Teach children not to touch plants- keep the plants away where children do not play or touch plants
  4. Trim plants to prevent children and pets from accessing vines.
  5. If possible hand plants up or keep them on plant stands.
  6. Water plants regularly and remove any dead leaves or stem.
  7. If you have pets, keep a separate bowl of water form them so that they do not drink from pot trays.

Source: www.werindia.com

Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: January 17, 2020
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