All posts by Sumana Rao

Don't worry about the people in your past; There's a reason they didn't make it to your future.
Glaucoma management

Types of Glaucoma And Ways To Manage And Optimize Remaining Vision

People often ask, can we improve glaucoma vision? Improving glaucoma vision primarily involves managing the condition to prevent further damage and preserve existing vision. What is glaucoma? Glaucoma is a type of eye condition that can cause vision loss and blindness by damaging a nerve in the back of your eye called the optic nerve.

Glaucoma is of distinct types based on the characteristics and underlying causes. The main types of glaucoma include:

  1. Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG): This is the most common type of glaucoma, characterized by a gradual increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) caused by the slow clogging of drainage canals within the eye. POAG typically progresses slowly and may not cause noticeable symptoms until vision loss has occurred.
  2. Angle-Closure Glaucoma: Also known as closed-angle glaucoma or narrow-angle glaucoma, this type occurs when the iris positioned too close to the drainage angle, obstructing the flow of aqueous humor (fluid) out of the eye. Angle-closure glaucoma can develop suddenly (acute angle-closure glaucoma) or gradually (chronic angle-closure glaucoma) and it is a medical emergency when symptoms such as severe eye pain, headache, blurred vision, and nausea occur.
  3. Normal-Tension Glaucoma (NTG): In NTG, damage to the optic nerve and vision loss occur despite intraocular pressure (IOP) being within the normal range. The exact cause of NTG is not known, but factors such as reduced blood flow to the optic nerve and individual susceptibility may play a role.
  4. Secondary Glaucoma: Secondary glaucoma refers to glaucoma that develops as a result of another eye condition, injury, or underlying medical condition. Causes of secondary glaucoma include eye trauma, eye surgery complications, inflammation (uveitis), certain medications (e.g., corticosteroids), and systemic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension.
  5. Congenital Glaucoma: This rare form of glaucoma occurs in infants and young children due to abnormalities in the eye’s drainage system present from birth. Congenital glaucoma often manifests with symptoms such as excessive tearing, light sensitivity, and cloudy corneas, and may require surgical intervention to prevent vision loss.
  6. Pigmentary Glaucoma: Pigmentary glaucoma occurs when pigment granules from the iris detach and block the drainage angle, leading to increased intraocular pressure (IOP). This type of glaucoma is more common in younger, nearsighted individuals and may cause symptoms such as blurry vision, halos around lights, and eye pain.
  7. Exfoliative Glaucoma: Exfoliative glaucoma is associated with the accumulation of abnormal deposits of protein material on intraocular structures, including the drainage angle. These deposits can obstruct the outflow of aqueous humor, leading to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and optic nerve damage.

While there is no cure for glaucoma and vision loss that has occurred due to glaucoma is irreversible, there are strategies to help optimize remaining vision and maintain overall eye health. Each type of glaucoma requires careful management and treatment to control intraocular pressure (IOP), preserve vision, and prevent further damage to the optic nerve. Early detection through regular eye exams is essential for diagnosing glaucoma and initiating appropriate interventions to minimize vision loss. Treatment options may include prescription eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, or surgical procedures, depending on the type and severity of glaucoma.

Follow treatment plan: Adhering to the treatment plan prescribed by your ophthalmologist is crucial. This often includes prescription eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, or surgery to control intraocular pressure (IOP) and slow the progression of the disease.

Regular eye exams: Regular check-ups with an eye care professional are essential for monitoring the progression of glaucoma and adjusting treatment as needed. Early detection and intervention can help prevent further vision loss.

Manage intraocular pressure (IOP): One of the major risk factors is eye pressure. Keeping intraocular pressure within the target range can help slow the progression of glaucoma. This may involve using prescribed eye drops consistently, taking oral medications as directed, or undergoing procedures such as laser trabeculoplasty or surgical interventions to lower IOP.

Protect eyes from injury: Trauma to the eye can worsen glaucoma. Protect your eyes by wearing safety glasses when participating in activities that pose a risk of eye injury, such as sports or certain occupations.

Maintain overall health: Certain lifestyle factors can affect eye health. Aim to maintain a healthy lifestyle by eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, managing stress, and avoiding smoking. Studies suggest that maintaining cardiovascular health may also benefit eye health.

Monitor medication side effects: Sometimes the medications used to treat other health conditions can exacerbate glaucoma or interact with glaucoma medications. Ensure your healthcare providers are aware of your glaucoma diagnosis and monitor for any potential interactions or adverse effects.

Use vision aids: If glaucoma has caused significant vision loss, vision aids such as magnifiers, special glasses, or low vision devices may help optimize remaining vision and improve quality of life. Low vision rehabilitation services can provide guidance on using these aids effectively.

Stay informed: Educate yourself about glaucoma, its progression, and treatment options. Understanding your condition empowers you to actively participate in your eye care and make informed decisions about treatment and lifestyle choices.

Remember to consult with your ophthalmologist or eye care specialist for personalized recommendations tailored to your specific situation. They can provide guidance on managing glaucoma and optimizing your vision to the best extent possible.

Image: www.werindia.com (all rights reserved)


Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: February 23, 2024
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Wonders of science

Ways To Explore Wonders Of Science

Exploring the wonders of science can be a fascinating and enriching experience for kids of all ages. Here are some ideas for how kids can engage with science in fun and interactive ways:

Hands-on experiments: Encourage kids to conduct simple science experiments using household materials. They can create volcanoes with baking soda and vinegar, make slime with glue and borax, or build simple circuits with batteries and wires. Provide step-by-step instructions and safety guidelines, and encourage kids to observe, ask questions, and make predictions.

Nature walks and outdoor exploration: Take kids on nature walks to explore the natural world around them. They can observe plants, insects, birds, and other wildlife, and learn about ecosystems, habitats, and biodiversity. Encourage them to keep a nature journal to record their observations, sketches, and discoveries.

Science kits and DIY projects: Invest in science kits or subscription boxes that provide kids with all the materials and instructions they need to conduct experiments and projects at home. Alternatively, encourage kids to create their own DIY science projects using everyday materials, such as building a model rocket, making a solar oven, or constructing a homemade telescope.

Science museums and centers: Visit science museums, planetariums, and science centers in your area to expose kids to hands-on exhibits, interactive displays, and live demonstrations. Many science museums offer educational programs, workshops, and special events for children of all ages, providing opportunities for immersive learning experiences.

STEM activities and clubs: Enroll kids in STEM – science, technology, engineering, and mathematics programs, clubs, or camps where they can engage in collaborative projects, problem-solving challenges, and hands-on activities. These programs often incorporate robotics, coding, engineering challenges, and other STEM disciplines to inspire curiosity and creativity.

Science books and media: Encourage kids to read science books, magazines, and articles, and watch educational videos, documentaries, and science-themed TV shows. There are many age-appropriate resources available that cover a wide range of scientific topics, from astronomy and biology to chemistry and physics.

Citizen science projects: Get kids involved in citizen science projects where they can contribute to real scientific research and data collection efforts. They can participate in bird counts, monitor weather patterns, track plant growth, or identify animals through online platforms and mobile apps designed for citizen scientists.

Science fairs and competitions: Support kids in participating in science fairs, competitions, and STEM challenges where they can showcase their projects, present their findings, and compete with peers. These events provide opportunities for kids to develop critical thinking skills, communication skills, and a deeper appreciation for the scientific process.

By providing kids with opportunities to explore science in diverse and engaging ways, you can inspire their curiosity, ignite their passion for discovery, and foster a lifelong love of learning.

Image credit: https://pxhere.com/en/photo/927849 (CC0 for public domain)


Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: February 22, 2024
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Vegan Chocolate

Vegan Chocolate

Food of the Gods! We are talking about chocolates. Chocolates are one the most sorted out gifts of Valentine’s day. Chocolate is magic and that too dark chocolate is delicious and many thinks that it is staple food! Reason is, not just for the celebration, it also helps to come out from wobbly moment and makes one feel better!!

Content of cocoa gives such a rich flavor and taste to chocolates.  Celebrate this Valentine day with vegan chocolate.

Surprise your loved one with homemade delicious chocolate. It is easy to prepare and takes only half an hour to prepare. Go, give it a try!!

Vegan Chocolate recipe

Time to prepare – less than half an hour!

Serving – four people

Ingredients

  1. Raw cocoa butter – 1 cup
  2. Unsweetened cocoa powder – 1 cup
  3. Agave nectar – 1 cup
  4. Vanilla extract – 1 tsp
  5. Dry fruits pieces and nuts for toppings – 1 cup (Dry coconut, almonds, walnuts, cashew, dates etc)
  6. Little salt – ¼ tsp

Method: 

  1.  In a pan on low heat melt cocoa butter (or use double boiler).
  2. Whisk cocoa powder, agave nectar, salt and vanilla extract in melted cocoa butter – continue mixing and whisking until mix gets somewhat thickened.
  3. On a cookie sheet place wax paper or silicone mat.
  4. On the cookie sheet put one table spoon of melted chocolate mix in two or three rows or use a mold to pour melted chocolate.
  5. Sprinkle toppings on the top of melted chocolate.
  6. Refrigerator it until the chocolate hardens.

Vegan chocolate is ready to eat!! To avoid melting, you can store it in the refrigerator.

Recipe: www.healthylife.werindia.com

Image credit: Image by 🌼Christel🌼 from Pixabay ( Free for commercial use)


Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: February 12, 2024
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Pap smear for ladies

Why Pap Smear Test Is Essential for Women

Pap smear tests, also known as Pap test, are essential for women’s health because they specifically target the detection of abnormal cervical cells, which could indicate the presence of cervical cancer or precancerous conditions. While the test itself may not be comfortable or pleasant the benefits far outweigh any temporary discomfort.

Woman who is at age 21 and above should consider getting pap smear test. According to ACOG (American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists) as HPV is common in the age group 21 to 29, pap test is recommended every three years. Ladies, if you are if you are hesitating to do pap smear test, then you must reconsider your decision for following reasons:

Early detection of cervical cancer: The primary purpose of a Pap smear is to detect abnormal cells on the cervix that could potentially develop into cervical cancer. Identifying these abnormal cells early allows for prompt treatment, significantly improving the chances of successful outcomes.

Prevention of cervical cancer: By detecting and treating precancerous lesions early, Pap smears can prevent the development of cervical cancer altogether. Regular screenings can catch abnormalities before they progress into cancerous cells.

Risk Assessment and management: Pap smears provide valuable information about a woman’s cervical health. Based on the results, healthcare providers can assess the individual’s risk of developing cervical cancer and recommend appropriate follow-up screenings or preventive measures.

Guiding treatment decisions: If abnormal cells are present in a Pap smear, further diagnostic tests or treatments may be necessary. These may include colposcopy, biopsy, or procedures to remove abnormal tissue. The results of Pap tests help guide healthcare providers in making informed decisions about the most suitable course of action.

Screening for Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Pap smears combined with HPV testing, as HPV infection is the primary cause of cervical cancer. Screening for HPV along with a Pap smear increases the sensitivity of detecting cervical abnormalities and helps in identifying high-risk individuals.

Monitoring cervical health over time: Regular Pap smear screenings allow for the monitoring of cervical health over time. Changes in Pap smear results can indicate the progression of abnormal cell growth or the effectiveness of treatments, helping healthcare providers adjust management strategies accordingly.

Promoting overall women’s health: Pap smears provide an opportunity for women to discuss their reproductive health concerns with their healthcare providers. Through regular screenings, women can take steps to maintain their overall well-being and address any gynecological issues promptly.

It is crucial for women to discuss their individual risk factors and screening recommendations for various conditions with their healthcare providers. While Pap smear may not be the most comfortable or convenient aspect of healthcare, it is a critical tool in the early detection and prevention of cervical cancer, contributing to women’s long-term health and well-being.

Image credit: Photo by Puwadon Sang-ngern: https://www.pexels.com/photo/crop-woman-with-heart-on-palms-5340280/ (Image free to use)


Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: February 7, 2024
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Ways to control fleas

Ways To Chase Fleas Away

Chasing away fleas can be a challenging task. There are several ways to remove fleas including natural homemade sprays. When you see fleas at and around home, it is better to pay attention to remove fleas, if not they lay eggs and multiply within a few days which makes it difficult to remove them. If you see fleas follow these methods to remove them.

  • Regular vacuuming: Vacuum your carpets, rugs, and furniture regularly to remove flea eggs, larvae, and adults. Pay special attention to areas where your pets spend time.
  • Wash bedding and linens: Wash your pet’s bedding, as well as your own, in hot water to kill fleas and their eggs.
  • Flea comb: Use a fine-toothed flea comb to manually remove fleas from your pet’s fur. This can be time-consuming but effective, especially when used in combination with other methods.
  • Topical treatments: Apply flea control products such as spot-on treatments or flea collars to your pets. These products can kill fleas and prevent infestations.
  • Flea shampoo: Bathe your pet with a flea shampoo that is safe for their species and age. Follow the instructions carefully, as shampoos may require multiple treatments.
  • Natural remedies: Consider sprinkling natural remedies such as food grade diatomaceous earth on carpets and furniture to dehydrate and kill fleas.
  • Yard treatment: Treat your yard with flea control products to eliminate fleas in outdoor areas where your pets spend time.
  • Professional pest control: If the infestation is severe, consider hiring a professional pest control service to treat your home and yard.
  • Regular grooming: Regular grooming of your pets can help you spot fleas early and act before an infestation occurs.
  • Preventive measures: Once you have eliminated fleas from your home, use preventive measures such as monthly flea treatments for your pets to prevent future infestations.

Homemade flea repellents can be a natural and cost-effective way to help keep fleas away from your pets and home. Here are few homemade remedies you can try:

  • Apple cider vinegar spray: Mix equal parts of apple cider vinegar and water in a spray bottle. Lightly mist your pet’s fur with this solution, avoiding their eyes and any open wounds. Fleas dislike the scent and acidity of vinegar, so this can help repel them.
  • Lemon spray: Slice a lemon thinly and add it to a pot of boiling water. Let it simmer for about an hour, then let it cool overnight. Strain the liquid into a spray bottle and use it as a flea repellent by lightly misting it onto your pet’s fur, bedding, and around your home.
  • Rosemary repellent: Boil a pot of water and add a handful of fresh rosemary leaves. Let it steep for 5-6 hours or overnight, then strain the liquid into a spray bottle. Use this as a natural flea repellent by spraying it onto your pet’s fur and bedding.
  • Diatomaceous earth: Food-grade diatomaceous earth is a natural powder that can help dehydrate and kill fleas. Sprinkle it onto carpets, furniture, and pet bedding, then leave it for few hours before vacuuming it up.
  • Essential oil spray: Create a spray by diluting drops of flea-repellent essential oils such as lavender, peppermint, eucalyptus, or cedarwood in water. Spray this mixture onto your pet’s fur, bedding, and around your home. Be cautious with essential oils and pets, as some essential oils can be toxic in high concentrations or to certain animals. Always dilute properly and research which oils are safe for your specific pets.
  • Herbal flea collar: Create a homemade flea collar by adding drops of flea-repellent essential oils to a cloth collar or bandana. Make sure to dilute the oils properly and avoid direct contact with your pet’s skin.
  • Baking soda: Sprinkle baking soda onto carpets, rugs, and furniture, then let it sit for one or two hours before vacuuming it up. Baking soda can help deodorize and dry out fleas and their eggs.

Before using any homemade flea repellents on your pets, it is important to do a patch test to ensure they do not have any adverse reactions. Additionally, always consult with your veterinarian before trying any new flea control methods, especially if your pet has any underlying health conditions or if you are unsure about the safety of certain ingredients.

Image credit: https://pxhere.com/en/photo/32255 (CC0 Public Domain)


Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on:
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Rose water benefits

Reasons To Include Rose Water In Your Skin Care Routine

Rosewater is an important ingredient in popular skin care products because of its multiple health benefits including hydrating, soothing, and mildly astringent properties. Rose water is primarily composed of water and rose petals, but exact composition can vary depending on the method of extraction and the quality of the roses used.

Have you ever wondered what are the contents of rose water? Rose water is a byproduct of the steam distillation process called hydrosol, used to extract rose essential oil. During this process, the steam passes through rose petals, carrying both essential oil and water-soluble compounds. The condensed steam, containing water and water-soluble compounds, forms rose water.

  • Water: The base ingredient of rose water is, of course, water. This acts as a solvent for extracting the beneficial compounds from rose petals.
  • Essential oils: Rose water contains essential oils extracted from rose petals. These oils contribute to the fragrance of rose water and may also have therapeutic properties for the skin.
  • Phenolic compounds: Rose water contains various phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and tannins, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
  • Vitamins and minerals: Rose water may contain trace amounts of vitamins (like vitamin C) and minerals such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium) derived from the rose petals.
  • Aromatic compounds: The characteristic fragrance of rose water comes from the presence of aromatic compounds, such as geraniol and citronellol, which naturally occur in rose petals.

How rosewater can be beneficial for the skin?

  1. Hydration: Rose water helps maintain the skin’s natural moisture balance. It is a natural humectant, which means it attracts moisture to the skin, making it a desirable choice for individuals with dry or dehydrated skin.
  2. Soothing and calming: The anti-inflammatory properties of rose water can help soothe irritated skin and reduce redness. It helps in soothing skin in conditions like dermatitis and eczema.
  3. Balancing pH: Rose water has a slightly acidic pH, which can help balance the skin’s pH levels. Maintaining a balanced pH is important for healthy skin as it can help prevent issues like acne and excessive dryness.
  4. Mild astringent: Rose water acts as a mild astringent, helping to tighten pores and tone the skin. This can be beneficial for individuals with oily or combination skin.
  5. Antioxidant properties: The presence of antioxidants in rose water can help combat free radicals, which are harmful molecules that contribute to premature aging. This may contribute to maintaining youthful-looking skin.
  6. Refreshing mist: Spritzing rose water on your face can provide a refreshing sensation. This is particularly useful on a muggy day or when your skin needs it the most.
  7. Makeup setting spray: Rose water is a natural makeup setting spray. It helps set your makeup and gives a dewy finish while offering skin benefits.
  8. Anti-aging: The antioxidants in rose water may help reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. Regular use may contribute to overall skin health and vitality.
  9. Cleansing: Rose water is a gentle cleanser to remove impurities and traces of makeup. It is especially suitable for individuals with sensitive skin.
  10. Stress reduction: The aroma of rose water has a calming effect and may help reduce stress. Including it in your skincare routine can provide a sensory benefit.

How to Use Rosewater for Skin:

  • Facial toner: Apply rose water with a cotton ball as a toner after cleansing to balance the skin’s pH and tighten pores.
  • Hydrating mist: Spritz rose water on your face throughout the day for a refreshing burst of hydration.
  • Mix with other ingredients: Combine rose water with other natural ingredients like Aloe vera or glycerin for a hydrating and soothing face mask or moisturizer.
  • Makeup setting spray: Use rose water as a natural setting spray to set your makeup and add a dewy finish.
  • Cleansing: Mix rose water with your regular cleanser or use it alone to cleanse your face.

When purchasing rose water choose a product that is pure and free from synthetic additives. As with any skincare product, do a patch test first to ensure you do not have an adverse reaction. If you have specific skin concerns or conditions talk to a dermatologist.

Image credit: Photo by Charlotte May: https://www.pexels.com/photo/glass-with-ice-cubes-and-rose-petals-5946999/ (Free for commercial use)


Author: Sumana Rao | Posted on: February 6, 2024
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